population of hangzhou in 1235

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Hangzhou continued to grow and prosper from its local industries, especially silk weaving, and became the center for silk production in all of China. The Grand Canal, originating in Beijing, is extended to Hangzhou, thus linking the city to the most profitable trading route in China. A paid subscription is required for full access. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. Shen Kuo's Dream Pool Essays of 1088 was a voluminous scientific composition that can be said to contain the forefront of knowledge in his time of astronomy, magnetism and other fields. Private trading companies in these giant merchant cities exported Chinese tea, silk and manufactured goods such as steel products. Though vastly outnumbered, the Mongols won! "China: Population of Hangzhou from 1980 to 2035 (in Millions). The other three cites with 10 million-plus populations are Suzhou, Linyi and Baoding, according to a CBN Daily report in 2017. [16] 1981 - Zhou Feng becomes mayor. The city stands at the eastern foot of a scenic range of hills, the Tianmu (Eye of Heaven) Mountains, and on the shore of the famous Xi (West) Lake, celebrated in poetry and paintings for its beauty and a favourite imperial retreat. A member of the emperor's clan evaded capture, and he became the first emperor of the Southern Song with the imperial name Gaozong. Not learning from their clan history, the Southern Song rulers repeated the same mistake that destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty: They allied with an expansionistic, more dangerous enemy to jointly attack a weaker, stable, and less threatening enemy. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. It wasn't until the beginning of the Southern Song era that scholars think that the population in the region first exceeded 100 million. Updates? Hangzhou is one of 137 cities in China and ranks 13 in the China population. 1972 - February: Richard Nixon visits city. The Four Books were considered most important. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Overall, over the course of 300 years, the Northern and Southern eras of the Song Empire were prosperous. 1951 638,000 However, the Southern Song Empire experienced wealth and advancement never before seen in history. For example, the four largest operatic drama theaters in Kaifeng could hold audiences of several thousand people each. Or take a walk down Qinghefang Historic Street. The saying "my enemy's enemy is my friend" is often wrong. Foreign trade was a Southern Song priority, and the government constructed large and advanced merchant and military ships and improved harbor facilities. First Taizu and then his descendants tried to address these foreign affairs issues. Not only is it a major tourist destination for its famous West Lake, but it's also home to some of China's biggest innovative businesses, like Alibaba. During the Song Dynasty era, the religions of Daoism and Buddhism became less popular among the ruling class than in previous eras. [16] 1978 - Hangzhou Teachers College founded. This page was last edited on 10 February 2023, at 05:52. But during the preceding Tang era and before, the Han people mainly ate wheat and millet as their staple grains. Eventually, the Jin captured about 40 percent of the Northern Song Empire's territory. The Song Empire (9601279) was generally prosperous and at the time it was the world's most powerful empire economically, scientifically, and militarily. When people think of Chinese food, they usually think of rice dishes. Have unparalleled flexibility, which is impossible on a group tour. In the late 1950s a major tractor plant was built in Hangzhou, and a machine-tool industry subsequently developed. Their high level of education helped them formulate beneficial trade policies with other countries and introduce revolutionary new weapons such as rockets and mortars that proved effective in warfare. You need at least a Starter Account to use this feature. They used blasting powder for mining and other peaceful uses as well. Furthermore, because of the large population and the busy commercial traffic, there is a demand for everything." - (Description of Hangzhou, capital of the southern Song dynasty, circa 1235 C.E.) These two failed invasions weakened their military strength and the court's finances. European literacy and culture advanced rapidly. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Food, Train Stations The document excerpted below, by an unknown author, describes the Southern Song capital of Hangzhou a city of between seven and eight Please check your download folder. The urbanization rate, or the proportion of urbanites in the city's permanent resident population, stood at 83.6 percent at the end of 2021. If you are an admin, please authenticate by logging in again. knowledge First of all, systematic studies are conducted on the spatial variation of population in Hangzhou over more than 30 years, based on data from several national censuses including the most recent one, the fifth census in 2000. The earlier empires developed around the Yellow River in the north where it was drier and colder. During the Ten Kingdoms (Shiguo) period (907960), Hangzhou was the capital of the state of Wu-Yue. Porcelain: Song porcelain was highly prized in the West. His model of government and rule was emulated by the big empires that came later. Corrections? var oTime = new Date(); Neo-Confucian thought became their dominant philosophy of life and religion. Subsequently, although no longer a major port, it remained a commercial centre for domestic trade and was opened to foreign trade in 1896. See our 5-Day Hangzhou and Watertown Tour for tour ideas that we can extend for you to include Kaifeng. Their weapons were the most advanced in the world. The overall population grew from 50 million at the beginning of the Northern Song to about 118 million 167 years later in 1127, and it kept growing thereafter. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/466968/china-population-of-hangzhou/, China: population of Hangzhou from 1980 to 2035, Available to download in PNG, PDF, XLS format, Projection of female population Japan 2022-2115, by age group, Projection of male population Japan 2022-2115, by age group, Percentage of population aged 65 years and older Japan 1960-2021, Life expectancy at birth in total and by gender Japan 2001-2020, Number of fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants Japan 2020, by cause of death, Number of registered marriages Japan 2012-2021, Relationship status of straight and queer individuals Japan 2019, Number of private households Japan 1970-2020, Number of private households Japan 2020, by size, Breakdown of private households Japan 2000-2020, by type, Number of households with seniors Japan 1980-2020, Average number of members per private household Japan 2013-2022, Average savings and liabilities of two-person households Japan 2005-2021, Monthly consumption spending per household Japan 2013-2022, Monthly consumption spending per household Japan 2021, by category, Number of foreign nationals Japan 1984-2021, by nationality, Number of accepted refugees Japan 2012-2021, Countries with the highest number of Japanese residents 2022, Population of Chongqing in China 1980-2035, Population of Guangzhou in China 1980-2035, Population of Guangdong province, China 2011-2021, Population of Shenyang in China 1980-2035, Population of Shanghai municipality, China 1980-2021, Number of Chinese cities with over a million inhabitants 1970-2015, China: population of Hangzhou from 1980 to 2035 (in millions), Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports. Download, Fun a. Coordinates (Zhejiang Municipal People's Government): Source: China Meteorological Administration (precipitation days and sunshine 19712000), sources: (census dates, administrative division), Chenghuangmiao (City God Pavilion) located on Wushan (Wu Hill), This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 05:48. He was a court official and a leading general as well as a scientist. Visiting historical Hangzhou is slightly easier than in other large cities that have been developing at light-speed. As this page has over 5,000 words, you may want to click a link here to move to a section that interests you. Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang province and home to Alibaba Group, recorded an estimated population of almost 10 million by the end of 2018, according to a metro newspaper owned by Hangzhou Daily Press Group. The level of their technology would not allow it, and various wars, famines, and disasters kept killing off the population. * 0/1 That Hangzhou had a large population Favorable rules for peasants and farmers: The Song had a law that any farmer who planted on fallow land and paid taxes could own the land, and this encouraged peasants to become landowners. In 2010, the population of Hangzhou had amounted to about 5.76 million inhabitants and was forecasted to grow up to almost 9.7 million by 2035. The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Which of the following assertions in the description of Hangzhou above would be most difficult to verify? Zeng Gongliang and Yang Weide wrote a treatise called Wujing Zongyao in 1044 that described several formulas for making powerful blasting powder with a large percentage of nitrate. 1235 1235 . Neo-Confucianism was the religious belief and political philosophy that was developed by Song scholars. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. He instituted this policy to prove a candidate's qualification to rule. even physicians and fortune tellers Hangzhou, for example, had a population of 391,000 households, compared to Rome's average population of about 35,000 households . the use of cookies. As of the end of 2021, Hangzhou's permanent resident population was 12.204 million, up from 11.936 million at the end of 2020. It was a period of warfare and turmoil. It became a major local centre with the completion of the Jiangnan Canal (then the southern section of the Grand Canal) in 609. The Song used varieties of gunpowder in rockets including multistage rockets, guns, cannons, chemical warfare weapons, and bombs. to incorporate the statistic into your presentation at any time. They built paddle-wheel ships that were faster and more maneuverable than regular boats in the rivers. The Song Dynasty managed to win several military victories over the Tanguts in the early 11th century. In his Dream Pool Essays of 1088, Shen Kuo described that a Song printer made thin ceramic characters himself. In 1861, during the Taiping Rebellion (185064), the city fell to the rebels and suffered severe damage. The Song used very high firing temperatures and learned to accurately shape their ceramics and apply such exquisitely beautiful artwork that it was the finest ceramic made in the world up to that time. In addition to thermal electric-generating plants, the city is connected via the regional power grid to the large Xinan River hydroelectric project to the southwest and to Shanghai and Nanjing. In the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the Mongols created the largest contiguous empire the world has ever known. Innovation and personal freedom was stifled in later eras. Soon it will be possible to see the city of Hangzhou on the map. Then, a leading scientist and scientific writer named Shen Kuo (1031-1095) who wrote a then leading-edge scientific book called The Dream Pool Essays undertook to lead an army against them. With their large populations, access to major resources like food and goods, and complex networks of roads and trade, big cities were natural centers of urbanization and development that contributed to the growth of trade. There were conflicts with the Viets in the south. Chinese dynasty that greatly increased transportation by building a series of canals to link the three major rivers of China The textile industry, originally confined to silk production, now produces both silk and cottons. The new emperor, Gaozong, set up his capital city in the wealthy and large merchant city of Hangzhou in the year 1132. The Chinese now like to call Hangzhou a "Paradise on Earth". He was well aware of the scientific progress made by his contemporaries and able to describe it well. Some of the Song hexagonal or octagonal pagodas that were built of brick and/or wood still survive. Britannica Quiz Where on Earth is That? Its importance as a port dwindled, however, as Hangzhou Bay gradually silted up and as its outport, Ganpu, became useless. [56] The most recent estimates of the city's urban area population are between 6,658,000 and 6,820,000. With increased growth since the late 20th century, the city has spread to the southern bank of the Qiantang River in recent years, and its metropolitan area includes the city of Xiaoshan to the southeast. Then the Jurchens turned against the Song Empire and captured Kaifeng that was the Song capital city. 1. The metro area population of Hangzhou in 2021 was 7,846,000, a 2.67% increase from 2020. Zhejiang Official Secondary Normal School, Hangzhou Wahaha Nutritional Foods Factory, List of universities and colleges in Hangzhou, Major National Historical and Cultural Sites (Zhejiang), List of first batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of second batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of third batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of fourth batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, List of fifth batch of declared historic buildings in Hangzhou, Botanic Gardens Conservation International, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants", "From Popsicle Maker to Beverage Billionaire, China's Richest Man", "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants", "Hangzhou mayor Shao Zhanwei dies during NPC session", "Description of the Great City of Kinsay", The Authoritative Website of Hangzhou History and Culture | WWW.HICENTER.CN, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Hangzhou&oldid=1138536108, Short description with empty Wikidata description, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2013, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from EB9, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Hangzhou has won the hearts of more and more young people in recent years. It was the philosophy of bureaucrats from the Song era until the end of the Qing Era (1912) except during the Yuan Dynasty (12791368) era. Higher class and richer people began binding the feet of girls. Knowledgeable, enthusiastic, and attentive your personal local guides will The Mongols blockaded the fleet so that they ran out of water. Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279) These years saw Hangzhou's golden age of prosperity as it became the capital city of the Southern Song Dynasty. Holidays in China in 2023, A Full List Is Here! But the Song invention did not affect their culture much. Every reply will be within 24 hours. There was a giant naval battle involving 200,000 people on a fleet of 1,000 ships against 20,000 Mongol troops on only 50 ships! These nine books were compiled, standardized, and compiled during the Song era. The population of Hangzhou in 1235 was 1.24 million. They also learned to mass produce the fine porcelain. Many of the temples that you can visit today were built during this period. These were more drought resistant and ripened much faster than their traditional varieties. Scientific Academies: He created academies that allowed a great deal of freedom of thought and discussion.

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