famous radio personalities 1940s

FM was clearly superior in the quality of the broadcast. The Adventures of Amos 'n Andy: A Social History of an American Phenomenon. The Golden Web: A History of Broadcasting in the United States, Volume II, 1933 to 1953. Originally sponsored by Alka-Seltzer, the series was first broadcast on NBC from Chicago, June 28, 1940, airing as a summer replacement show for Alec Templeton Time. Many advertisers formed long-term bonds with these shows, especially as they tried to reach the young audience. The disc jockey became important in Chicago radio during the 1930s, well before the term "disc jockey" was coined in the 1940s. Radio entertainment played on the imagination of the listeners by creating visions of the action and characters portrayed. He was the radio quiz show host of 'Information Please!', chief editor at Simon & Schuster, and literary editor of The New Yorker magazine in the 1930s and 1940s, among other employments. Millions of Americans listened to his weekly radio broadcast. Jack Benny (18941974). Radio of the 1930s provided a blueprint for the understanding and expectations of media for the rest of the century. As radio grew into a commercial force, it became necessary to determine the popularity of particular shows, as this would affect the price of the programs advertising time. In addition the rise of communism and fascism (dictatorships) in Europe was increasingly causing alarm in the United States. Similarly crime dramas were also popular, with shows like "Sherlock Holmes" and "The Green Hornet.". The power of radio was being exploited in the international arena, also. Freeman Fisher Gosden and Charles James Correll created and starred in the popular radio show "Amos 'n' Andy." The play takes its name from the phone number that New Yorkers could dial in the 1930s to get the accurate time. What time is it? His Fireside Chats have been considered some of the first forms of managed news. In 1947 he becomes a player for the Dodgers. Quiz Kids, a popular radio and TV series of the 1940s and 1950s, was created by Chicago public relations and advertising man Louis G. Cowan. He spoke with clarion clarity, his voice an elocution . The show is notable for being the first sitcom to star an African American actress.Originally portrayed by white actor Marlin Hurt*pictured*, Beulah Brown first appeared in 1939 when Hurt introduced and played the character on the Hometown Incorporated radio series and in 1940 on NBC radio's Show Boat series. Radio was a burgeoning and competitive field. The Adventures of Maisie (aka Maisie) was a radio comedy series starring Ann Sothern as underemployed entertainer Maisie Ravier, a spin-off of Sothern's successful 1939-1947 Maisie movie series. Amos: He's li'ble to find it out though. Marjorie Finlay was an American television personality and opera singer. Barbara Stanwyck, Lucille Ball, and Bette Davis were just some of the stars that appeared on radio during the Depression. Dramatic shows and situation comedies, the bulk of prime-time programming, ran 30 minutes each. "The Presidential Election," an episode of the comedy series Amos 'n' Andy, starring Freeman Gosden and Charles Correll; airdate July 17, 1928. official reviewing the program material and determining what might be morally or politically objectionable to the public. "It probably was in 1970 or '71 when a radio station in Manistee started playing Rock and Roll," Kittleson says. The deepening Depression impacted every aspect of American life and Americans looked for new avenues to escape the dreariness of unemployment, homelessness, and hunger. The Golden Age of American radio as a creative medium lasted, at best, from 1930 to 1955, with the true peak period being the 1940s. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997. "Amos 'n' Andy" creators Freeman Gosden and Charles Corell developed a complex world for their characterstwo black, Southern men newly transplanted to a Northern city. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Golden-Age-of-American-radio, Long Wharf Theatre - The Golden Age of Radio, Public Broadcasting Service - Radio In The 1930s, Digital Public Library of America - Golden Age of Radio in the US, Audio Engineering Society - Golden Age of Radio. Have von (H.V.) Radio in the 1930s often contrived events to encourage people to listen. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Amos: I don' wants to git mixed up in dis. 5) Petey Greene. Radio provided a shared national experience of entertainment and information. Music programming was the most prevalent throughout the decade, and despite the growth in news, dramas, and comedies, by 1940 music still provided 50 percent of radio programming. Father Coughlin exerted enormous influence on America during the Great Depression. She also worked with NBC, ABC, and New York Herald Tribune's radio broadcasts. The show, which began slowly and calmly at first, steadily built to a frantic pace, giving the impression of hours passing in minutes. About $75 could buy a Marconi console, a common reference to a popular type of radio in a wooden cabinet and named after the inventor of radio, Guglielmo Marconi of Italy, who remained active until his death in 1937. More people owned radios, were listening to radio in increasing numbers, and were listening to radios for an increasing amount of time each day. Hillard, Robert L and Michael C. Keith. In 1930 the Association of National Advertisers, along with the Cooperative Analysis of Broadcasting, devised a ratings system called the Crossley Report, for which several thousand people were polled by telephone and asked to recall the programs to which they had been listening. Some of the key provisions established by the Communications Act of 1934 are still familiar at the first of the twenty-first century. With the plays and movies represented on the radio many engaged with U.S. developments in the arts through the Great Depression. Davies, Alan. Individual or local or state effort alone cannot protect us in 1937 any better than ten years ago. His career started in vaudeville, and he debuted in 1931 on radio on the Ed Sullivan show, getting his own radio show in 1932. form 1. denoting radio waves or broadcasting: radio-controlled radiogram. In radios earliest days, Hollywood did not provide network programming, with rare exceptions. Between 1941 and 1945, Americans tuned in to listen to breaking news from Europe, hearing about major battles and the bombing of Pearl Harbor in Hawaii just moments after the actual events. Here They AreAmos 'n' Andy. Arch Oboler produced "Lights Out" on NBC, and "Air Raid" by Archibald MacLeish and "War of the Worlds" by writer and performer Orson Welles, which depicted the growing fear of war. and radio performer. (Tone) (Her voice starts to break) When you hear the tone the time will be eleven fifty-nine and three-quarters. Prime-Time: The Life of Edward R. Murrow. The program began as Sam n Henry on Chicagos WGN station in 1926 and quickly became a national phenomenon when it made its network debut under its new name in 1929. Millions of American soldiers left for World War II, and with them went men and women journalists - most notably the "Murrow boys." Edward R. Murrow, made famous by World War II, began a transition from radio to television. The program lasted an hour and starred famous Hollywood personalities who performed an hour-long version of a movie. The first, delivered on March 12, 1933, only eight days after Roosevelt took office, attracted more 17 million families. Andy: Wait a minute, yere, son. He built the first radio te Martin Sir Ryle, Ryle, Martin RYLE, MARTIN (b. The Great Depression. famous radio personalities 1940s religious interview questions and answers sharleen spiteri ashley heath . Besides singing, Denni. Ely, Melvin Patrick. Soon the reports made clear that the entire world had been invaded by Martians who planned on taking over the planet. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Amos: You know, YOU wuz de one he tol' to milk de COW. Children and adults followed the adventures of their favorite characters and waited for the next installment. Though an explanation had preceded the performance, many listeners didn't hear it, and thousands panicked. In 1926 NBC (National Broadcasting Company) went on the air nationally, using telephone lines to carry the signal to nineteen stations and ten million listeners. The Golden Age of American radio as a creative medium lasted, at best, from 1930 to 1955, with the true peak period being the 1940s. Isolationist beliefs, opposition to the United States entering the war, made even the mention of the possibility of war controversial, but the airing of the program resulted in a thousand favorable letters being sent to CBS. 32. Comedian Bob Hope was an exceptional radio performer who went on to an extraordinary career in television and film. . In reaction some countries occupied by German forces in the late 1930s surreptitiously broadcast opposing viewpoints. 122123). The Nickel and Dime Decade: American Popular Culture During the 1930s. October 2nd, 1924, the day WCCO Radio came to the airwaves of Minnesota. Add languages. Other once-influential radio personalities, such as Mary Margaret McBride (1899-1976), are not as well known today. 6:00 Sunriseincluding technical problems, 2:00 President Roosevelt's Address To Congress, 4:00 Baseball: Cleveland Indians at Washington Senators, 10:45 Repeat of President Roosevelt's Address to Congress, 11:00 Livingston's Orchestra (joined in progress at 11:20). The series was heard on CBS Radio, NBC Radio, the Mutual Radio Network, and on Mutual flagship radio station WHN in NYC. In September of 1895, Guglielmo Marconi, a young Italian inventor, pioneered wireless telegraphy when he transmitted a message to his brother, who wa, Grote Reber Bruccoli, Mathrew J. and Richard Layman. Comic strips were transformed into popular radio programs with the debut of shows based on "Little Orphan Annie," "Buck Rogers in the Twenty-Fifth Century," "Flash Gordon," and "Dick Tracy." Tonight, sitting at my desk in the White House, I make my first radio report to the people in my second term of office. This constituted yet another form of escape from the daily problems of the Great Depression by becoming temporarily absorbed in the problems of others, and maybe in even gaining some comfort that others besides themselves were facing difficult times. Radio stations consolidated during the Depression, as smaller stations went out of business. These famous radio personalities were the stars of their time, and their shows were appointment listening for millions of Americans. Now the mass produced goods could be promoted through the mass media for mass consumption. Previously, Simmons was a radio and television personality for Indianapolis' WHHH-FM. Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures. Originally broadcast as "Sam 'n' Henry" in 1926, the show was renamed when it changed networks. Despite an initial decline in radio ownership in the early part of the Depression, children and others started becoming avid radio listeners. 1940s: TV and Radio. Already famous for his radio career in the 1940s, Murrow led news into television as well. As the country came increasingly close to war, his diocese, in Detroit, chose to review his statements prior to broadcast. New York: Oxford University Press, 1968. Best, Gary Dean. Known as one of the original shock-jocks, Greene was a trailblazer of talk radio; and his influence was such that he has been credited with quashing the riots in Washington, D.C . "Radio 1929-1941 As radio blossomed during the 1930s, network censorship did too. The radio industry wrestled with the government over issues of diversifying ownership and over licensing of AM and FM frequencies. Actors would appear on the show to plug their movies, and sometimes would appear in brief versions of their movies on "Hollywood Hotel." Winchell is sometimes considered the father of tabloid reporting. FM (or frequency modulation) radio did not experience a similar reduction in sound . As early as 1916, Sarnoff envisioned a radio that would be as standard in homes as a piano or a phonograph. Paley was responsible for bringing substantial entertainment to the Great Depression audience who could little afford to pursue other forms of entertainment. The amazing growth of radio programming during the Depression established all of the major genres in television: dramas, comedies, variety shows, soap operas, talk shows, news commentary, and more. 2. Pluggers were named for "plugging" or aggressively selling the idea of recording a publisher's music. Early in 1927, a competing network called United Independent Broadcasters was formed. London and Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. New York still had a bustling radio community, but the Chicago shows began moving to one coast or the other. In 1937 Welles became the voice of "The Shadow." A new era in radio dawned with this broadcast. This was particularly true of the white unemployed who believed jobs, including those created by New Deal work relief programs, should first go to whites before black Americans. Soap operas such as Ma Perkins and The Guiding Light kept housewives company through the afternoon. From the old Oak Grove Hotel to the present day studios on 2nd Avenue and 7th Street, WCCO has brought Minnesota and Upper Midwest radio listeners big news stories and major events . For artists radio opened up a whole new medium to pursue their craft. More Robin Quivers. Many radio shows were broadcast all over the country, and served to create a community of shared experience for a diverse and widespread world. 1930s radio created an environment for new expressions of cultural identity and cultural criticism. Detroits WXYZ became a major force in 1933 with popular shows such as The Lone Ranger. ." Text is available under the Creative Commons . Beginning in the 1930s and continuing for more than two decades, a majority of prime-time network programs were actually created by advertising agencies employed by sponsors. The National Association of Broadcasters created standards of performance and objectivity that spawned discussion and that evolved throughout the rest of the twentieth century. A band remote broadcast of Benny Goodman and his orchestra, with vocalist Martha Tilton, from the Madhattan Room of the Hotel Pennsylvania, New York City; airdate November 4, 1937. Radio offered Americans a shared common entertainment experience, right in their living rooms. With the consolidation of radios into networks, the configuration of the radio industry began to look like the major television networks of the late twentieth century. She was born in Spalding, Idaho on February 15, 1899. Article; Talk; English. Many advertisers made themselves known by eventually adopting the practice of combining their name with the name of the star or the title of the program, as with Camel Caravan, sponsored by the R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, or A&P Gypsies, sponsored by the largest American grocery-store chain at the time. Other politicians and political pundits, regardless of their agreement or disagreement with what Roosevelt had to say, were generally in awe of his natural ability to make great use of the mass media. "On the Planet Mongo," an episode of the children's science-fiction series Flash Gordon; airdate April 27, 1935. At Hoovers behest, most frequencies between 550 kHz and 1,350 kHz were turned over for broadcast use in May 1923. Later a film and television star, Burns contributed greatly to the development of the early sitcom. In March 2012 the faculty at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute at New York University, together with an Honorary Committee of alumni, selected "the 100 Outstanding Journalists in the United States in the Last 100 Years.". Listen to the radio news, watch television news, and read a newspaper all on the same day. Censorship involved a radio network Murrow provided regular reports on the bombing of London in his "London After Dark" series broadcast by shortwave radio. "The Fleischmann's Yeast Hour" became the first radio variety show. Given the impacts of the Great Depression on the average citizen's entertainment budget, it seemed that everyone in America turned to radio for entertainment in the 1930s. Popular soap operas received thousands of letters from women asking for help with real-life problems. Mutual did not own any of its affiliated stations, however, whereas NBC and CBS each owned and operated several stations. "Sam Bass," an episode of the western series Death Valley Days; airdate August 27, 1936. With his comfortable style, Roosevelt had the uncanny knack of speaking to the people through the radio as if he was sitting in their living room. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Colbert provided an escape for the women of the nation toiling under difficult economic conditions. There were several great radio theater companies during the 1930s including Orson Welles's Mercury Theatre on the Air, the Lux Radio Theatre, Screen Guide Theatre, and Studio One, later known as the Ford Theater. Songwriters were under incredible pressure to produce new material, and many collapsed as a result. Famous Radio Personalities. Winchell had been a supporter of Senator Joseph McCarthy's anticommunism efforts, and his popularity suffered when the nation turned its back on the senator. In 1945, Beulah was spun off into her own radio show, The Marlin Hurt and Beulah Show, with Hurt still in the role. Networks competed to hire famous conductors, orchestras, and soloists. In 1933 alone 3.6 million radio sets were sold. Critics complained that the use of radio deterred thoughtful analysis of political issues. Charles Coughlin was a Canadian-American Catholic priest and populist leader who promoted antisemitic and pro-fascist views. Golden Age of American radio, period lasting roughly from 1930 through the 1940s, when the medium of commercial broadcast radio grew into the fabric of daily life in the United States, providing news and entertainment to a country struggling with economic depression and war. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1998. Lillian Disney. Programming turned political when Pres. Chicago also soon developed into a major centre of radio production, transmitting many of the daytime soap operas and afternoon shows for children. Amos n Andy, a situation comedy, was the most popular show ever broadcast, lasting more than 30 years. They warned that children should be running and playing outside, not sitting inside being entertained by a box. By 1933, 25 percent of the workforce, or over 12 million people, were out of work. As in the United States with Roosevelt's Fireside Chats, other governments in the 1930s clearly recognized the power and potential of radio. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Music publishing companies hired song pluggers to "place" their songs with singers and musicians. New York: The Free Press, 1991. Since most radio soap operas were only fifteen minutes long, many could run in one day. Radio had given a voice to Americans' fears about the coming world war. Mr. Riechman was the distributor for Majestic Radios and felt the future was in selling radios rather than in broadcasting. It was created by Fibber McGee & Molly co-creator/writer Don Quinn before being adapted into a CBS television comedy (1954-55) produced by ITC Entertainment and Television Programs of America. When German planes bombed the Basque town of Guernica in Spain in 1937, it solidified writer and director Norman Corwin's hatred of fascism. These developments proved timely as the radio provided much entertainment and a source of information for the Depression public. However, the record company soon sold its shares to a group of financiers that included Leon Levy, whose father-in-law was cigar magnate Sam Paley; before long, Paleys son William decided to invest his own million-dollar fortune in the new network. As more world leaders and their opposition realized that, they were able, increasingly, to take advantage of it to reach millions of prospective supporters for their programs and causes. Swing represented decadent America, and jazz was seen as antithetical to the purity of the Aryan race, which was a term for the non-Jewish white population. Singing commercials became popular. The firm would make random telephone calls to people who lived in 36 major cities. Hardships of the Great Depression increased hatred toward racial minorities by society in general. Onair performances of works by playwrights William Shakespeare and Henrik Ibsen, and author Leo Tolstoy were produced, as well as radio adaptations of some of Hollywood's best films. As early as 1939, Germany began hiring expatriate Americans to host radio programs aimed at deterring U.S. intervention in the war.

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