the tendency to favor one's own group quizlet

Also called the cross-race effct and the own-race . For example, the SDO gender difference (men higher, women lower) appears all over the world. Instead, when he returns home, he shouts at his son for playing video games. Like most students in her school, she believes that Carson Elementary School is the best school in town. As a result, outgroup disliking stems from this in-group liking (Brewer & Brown, 1998). Also called the cross-race effect and the own-race bias, The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get. 0 . What is a FALSE statement regarding the research on microaggressions. Which branch of psychology is most connected with the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another, Attribution theory was designed to account for, Ksana insists that her boyfriends car accident resulted form his carelessness. When 12-year-old Jamilah saw an old man lying on the sidewalk, he prepared to offer help. Social identity is a person's sense of who they are based on their group membership (s). People have always and still do openly dehumanize outgroup members and harbor hostile attitudes toward them. Biases can explicit (overt and conscious) or more implicit (automatic, ambiguous, and ambivalent). When it comes time to categorize ice cream as good or bad, you may still categorize it as good, but you will likely be a little slowerperhaps even fractions of a second slower-- in arriving at this judgment. Studies have revealed diminished activity in the ________ of violent criminals. In some countries, women who have been raped are sometimes sentenced to punishment for having violated a law against adultery. does not simply mean taking pride in one's group; it also involves asserting the group's superiority over other groups. C) a win-win solution. The point is that SDOa preference for inequality as normal and naturalalso predicts endorsing the superiority of certain groups: men, native-born residents, heterosexuals, and believers in the dominant religion. They have been chosen for their school team to participate in a math competition against other local schools. This best illustrates: Even ordinary people, without any particular hostility, can become agents in a destructive process. In-group favoritism is an ambiguous form of bias because it disfavors the outgroup by exclusion. Comparisons of identical and fraternal twins highlight the impact of ________ on aggression. Confirmation bias occurs from the direct influence of desire on beliefs. An example of the fundamental attribution error is illustrated in our tendency to underestimate the extent to which others' behavior is influenced by: Politicians who publicly oppose a tax increase that they privately favor best illustrate that, That actions may sometimes be inconsistent with attitudes, The impact of our actions on our attitudes is best illustrated by, The set of prescribed behaviors associated with a particular social position is best described as, Philip Zimbardo devised a simulated prison and randomly assigned college students to serve as prisoners or guards. This activity was created by a Quia Web subscriber. Then create a word search puzzle using the sentences-without the word as clues. c. Conflict Take the IAT. When it comes to relationships, it is valuable to remember that negative comments usually carry much more weight than positive ones. An unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. This module focuses on biases against individuals based on group membership and against groups. ethnocentrism.d. However, to justify preferential treatment, people often exaggerate the differences between their in-group and an outgroup. (Check the elasticity of px(p,m)p x^*(p, m)px(p,m) w.r.t. "Oh, very good," Judge Matsumoto . 1. (2004). Sadly, this can result in consequential discrimination, such as allocating fewer resources to disliked outgroups (Rudman & Ashmore, 2009). Black people tend to dress pretty much alike. Sun Microsystems uses the accrual basis of accounting and recognizes revenue at the time it sells goods or renders services. This is not to suggest that actual older people are not competent, of course, but that they are not widely admired for their accumulated wisdom. An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship. Cindy's reaction best illustrates, People's physical attractiveness is unrelated to their, In an experiment by Dutton and Aron, one group of men were asked by an attractive woman to complete a short questionnaire immediately after they had crossed a swaying footbridge suspended 230 feet above the Capilano River. a. a dispositional attribution. Peter Principle: The Peter Principle is an observation that the tendency in most organizational hierarchies , such as that of a corporation, is for every employee to rise in the hierarchy through . It applies U.S. GAAP and reports in U.S. dollars. Consider the utility maximization problem, maxxa+ysubjecttopx+y=m\max x^a+y \quad \text { subject to } p x+y=m When people would like a certain idea or concept to be true, they end up believing it to be true. Female 3: But you know your kid better than anybody else and if you think he's acting different than usual, Male 1: acting really down, crying all the time for no good . School California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Course Title PSYC 3500; Uploaded By staceymartinez1224. What connection has been found in experiments exploring self-image and prejudice? Ingroup bias is the tendency to favor and support individuals who belong to groups we identify with. Hanna overcriticizes him for minor errors. Weddings are generally happy occasions (it is more appropriate to say congratulations than I am so sorry), they are formal affairs (people typically dress up), and they usually include food (you dont need to stop and eat before attending the wedding). Groups give us a sense of social identity: a sense of belonging to the social world. C) Having an unreasonable fear of those who are different from you. He believes in strict obedience to authority and is intolerant of weakness in others. For example, someone high in SDO would likely be upset if someone from an outgroup moved into her neighborhood. Group-serving bias is the tendency to make more favorable attributions about our ingroups than our outgroups. Finally, the tendency to categorize can be associated with discrimination. Measured cognitive dissonance by paying participants to $1 or $20 to lie about the enjoyment of a dull task. The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next. Prejudice, Discrimination, and Stereotyping, Greenwald, Banaji, Rudman, Farnham, Nosek, & Mellott, 2002, Greenwald, Poehlman, Uhlmann, & Banaji, 2009, https://onlinepsych.pepperdine.edu/blog/prejudice-discrimination-coping-skills/, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Just ask yourself if youve ever been asked, What are you? This question is frequently asked to people about their ethnicity, national origin, gender identity, religion, and other group affiliations. For example, when our awareness of our attitudes and of our actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes, adjusting ones behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard, influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval, influence resulting from ones willingness to accept others opinions about reality, stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others, the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable, the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity, the enhancement of a groups prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group. A specific case of comfort with the ingroup is called aversive racism, so-called because people do not like to admit their own racial biases to themselves or others (Dovidio & Gaertner, 2010). Social trap where 2 prisoners are separated and have to consider the impacts of cooperating with their partner or competing to get the first confession. a. deindividuation. Scapegoat Theory: . Brewer, M. B., & Brown, R. J. Answer 23:- Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view one's own cultu . Understand subtle, unexamined biases that are automatic, ambiguous, and ambivalent. This fact is consistent with the principle that ________ breeds prejudice. His action is best explained in terms of the, Aggression-replacement programs are most likely to advise parents to avoid, In contrast to watching violence on television, participating in violent video games involves, The mere exposure effect refers to the fact that people. When four people watched them, they made 80 percent of their shots. Bodenhausen, G. V., & Peery, D. (2009). social class, family, football team etc.) Exam 1 Dr. The results of this study showed that the participants more often misperceived the object and mistakenly shot harmless targets who were Black. They have relatively low levels of serotonin and high levels of testosterone. This shows that: The "we" aspect of our self-concept is what social psychologists call: people's motivation to avoid prejudice is internal. A) the tendency to favor members of one's own group. b. self-worth. Betty and Tina are in the third grade. Returning to an example from earlier, the homeowner high in SDO may dislike the outgroup member moving into her neighborhood because it threatens ones economic resources (e.g. An understood rule for accepted and expected behavior. 2. an inclination, bent, or predisposition to something. Other Quizlet sets. We categorize people according to their citizenship, gender, allegiance to a sports team, and university affiliation, among other qualities. Male 3: I don't want you looking over my shoulder all the time. The tendency to favor one's own . the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. b. implicit prejudice. Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). Psychological impact of anti-Asian stigma due to COVID-19 pandemic: A call for research, practice, and policy responses. Ingroup bias, or ingroup favoritism, is a bias in which people tend to favor people who exist in similar groups as them. 1. a natural or prevailing disposition to move, proceed, or act in some direction or toward some point, end, or result. (tn dn si) n., pl. (c) How does the optimal expenditure on the xxx good vary with ppp ? Right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) is an ideology that emphasizes conformity or obedience to authority (Altemeyer, 1988). Do you or someone you know believe that group hierarchies are inevitable? Social psychologists have developed several ways to measure this automatic preference, the most famous being the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, Banaji, Rudman, Farnham, Nosek, & Mellott, 2002; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998). Historical examples abound. hide 31 types. Racial stereotypes of one hundred college students. Overgeneralized beliefs about a group of people that often underlie prejudicial emotions are called, Studies of implicit attitudes indicate that prejudice is often, Prejudice can be not only subtle but also automatic and unconscious. What roles do the evoked set, inert set, and inept set take part in a consumer's information search? Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. This is how the IAT works: measuring tiny differences in the time it takes you to make judgments. Stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others. experiments were performed despite mass student protests against the research. own: [verb] to have or hold as property : possess. Thus, those high inSDO see groups as battling each other for these resources, with winners at the top of the social hierarchy and losers at the bottom (see Table 1). The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame. _____ refers to the tendency to view the world through one's own cultural filters.a) Conservatism b) Relativism c) Ethnocentrism d) Ableism ANS: c A-head: Culture and Intergroup Relations REF: 363 Feedback: Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view the world through one's own cultural filters. The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. If someone is in our "ingroup," we are more likely to trust them. a. desensitizing them to violent acts. We identify o we compare ingroup bias o tendency to. Word, C. O., Zanna, M. P., & Cooper, J. This reaction is best explained in terms of: After the events of 9/11, some Americans began boycotting Arab-American stores and lashing out at any person they perceived as Middle Eastern. This experiment best illustrated the impact of, The discomfort we feel when 2 thoughts are inconsistent is called, Unconsciously mimicking those around us is known as the, We tend to feel cheerful around happy people and sad around depressed people. a. She tends to overpraise his achievements in order to avoid appearing biased. Just 80 years ago, American college students unabashedly thought Turkish people were cruel, very religious, and treacherous (Katz & Braly, 1933). c. hindsight bias. That said, the targets of bias sometimes shift across time. The stereotype content model attends to two major dimensions of evaluating other people: warmth and competence. For example, the ingroup in most societies is the average citizen, seen as warm and competent. to have power or mastery over. d. encouraging them to engage in more thoughtful moral reasoning. Conserves physiological arousal and excitement. Examined the impact of social roles and authority on behavior with his famous Stanford Prison experiment. For example, imagine that a person believes left-handed people are more creative than right-handed people. Explanation: It is not true that narcissism is the tendency to view one's own culture or group as superior to others. HLT 1353. chapter_12_answers - CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. There are also lots of stereotypes regarding each race. (Fiske, Cuddy, & Glick, 2007). As a result, outgroup disliking stems from this in-group liking (Brewer & Brown, 1998). First, people are interested in understanding the intentions of others. Social identity theory (Tajfel, Billig, Bundy, & Flament, 1971) describes this tendency to favor ones own in-group over anothers outgroup. The frustration-aggression principle most clearly applies to individuals with higher-than-average levels of: Social Sciences. Could you feel that some associations are easier than others? They have relatively high levels of serotonin and low levels of testosterone. c. cognitive dissonance. A petty cash fund of $200 was established on April 1, 2016. C) a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals. Distinguish blatant biases from subtle biases. D) Relating to several _____ is the tendency to attribute one's own characteristics to other people. Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C., & Glick, P. (2007). Study Resources. This is an example of: individuals sometimes perform poorly when apprehensive about being stereotyped. Refusing to hire qualified job applicants because of the color of their skin is to engage in: Nestor belongs to the cross-country ski club at his college but is not a member of the downhill ski club. Like SDO, there does appear to be an association between this ideology (i.e. The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. It pays the utility bill during July. The groups are supporters of two rival political movements in Thailand and politically neutral subjects. B) an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. Make a truth table for the below given statement. C) more readily comply with a large request if they previously complied with a small request. The theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation (external) or the person's disposition (internal). that most people like women more than men. A tendency to favor one's own group is called: been more racially prejudiced than others. These blatant biases tend to run in packs: People who openly hate one outgroup also hate many others. Sons are more valued than daughters. Notably, the combination of high RWA and high SDO predicts joining hate groups that openly endorse aggression against minority groups, immigrants, homosexuals, and believers in non-dominant religions (Altemeyer, 2004). They are excited on the morning of the competition because they both believe that their team is going to win since they are the better team. After Manny's father refused to let him use the family car on Friday night, Manny let all the air out of the tires. Like stereotypes, prejudice is a bias against people based on their group membership. Being audience-centered means a speaker must sacrifice what she or he really believes to get a favorable response from . "Oh, no, never," the woman said. Rudman, L. A., & Ashmore, R. D. (2007). (2020). The tenency to favor our own group: Term. In the context of distinctiveness, you are most likely to introduce your roommate to your friends as: When the British made a group of German civilians walk through a concentration camp at the close of World War II, one German responded: "What terrible criminals these prisoners must have been to receive such treatment." Was the White person wrong because they will never learn to be comfortable if they avoid contact?

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